Window-sash.



VPaten'fed Apr. 22, |902.

P BARNUM w'moow sAsH lApphcaton filed Oct. 26, 1901.)

No. .698,l6a.

l (No Modell) i fw Patented A pr. 22, |902.

P.IB AnNuM. WINDOW SASH.

v(Alspncmqn mea ocr. 26, 190'1.)

5 kSheetsr-Sheef 2.

, Ptented Apr. 22, |902. P. BARNUM. l

WINDOW SASH.

Application ined. Oct. 26, 1901.).

(No Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 3` dgl/22215556@ P. BARNUM.-

IWINIJDW SASH.

'Implication nl'ed ocrh 26, 19011) (nu Model.) j s sums-sheetl 4,

vPatented Apr. 2v2, |902. l

Ptented Apr. 22,. moz( No. 69s,|es.

P. BABNUM. WINDUW SASH.

lApplication filed. Oct. 26, 1901.)

` `5 sheets-sheet 5.

(No Model.)

l v y.

. ticalposition. Fig. lisapartial perspective useful Improvements in WindoW-Sashes, of

y 8 isa partial horizontal section on line 8 8 of Fig. 2.

i some parts being in section, illustrating the' lview illustrating another form of device for NITE TATES rPAUL BARNUM, on SAN FRANCISCO, cALnronNiA.

WINDOW-SASH.

SPECIFIGAIGI'` forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,168, dated April 22, 1902.

Application filed October 26, 1901. Serial No. `80,094, (No model To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, PAUL BARNUM, a citizen of the United States,res'idingat San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.v

My inventionrelates to window-sashes, and has particularly to do with what are known as reversible sashes, or sashes which are arranged to swing upon pivots or trunnions arranged at the sides of the sash, so that the sashvmay be rocked about a horizontal axis. A sash of this characteris described in Patent No. 637,502, to George O. Dean, dated November 21, 1899. l

The'object of my invention' is to provide certain improvements in sashes of this char-r acter, by which an efficient metallic reversible sash may be secured; and .to this endl my invention consistsin the features hereinafterl described, and set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure lis a partial front elevation of a window frame and'sash, certain parts being in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on line 2 2 of Fig. 1.. Fig. 3 isa horizontal section on line 3 3 of'Fig. 2.v Fig. 4 is a section on line 4 4 of Fig.`2. Fig. 5 is a partiall Vertical cross-section illustrating Ythe upper portion of the sash. Fig. 6 is-a partial vertical longitudinal section illustrating the upper portion of the sash and window-frame. Fig.. 7 is a similar view illustrating the lower portion vof the sash and window-frame. Fig.

Fig. V9 is a vertical section on -line 9,9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a perspective view,-

construction of the lattaching devices for the sash-weights. Fig. 11 is a perspective View, some parts being in sectionytaken on' li-ne 11 11 of Fig. 9. Fig. 12 isa perspective View of the tube which constitutes theretaining-strip i Y the usual groove 29 to receive the edge of the by which the sash-is normally held -in its ver-v View illustrating one form of catch for holding the parts of `the sash together while being put in place. Fig.. lt'is a partial perspective the same purpose. Fig. 15 is a horizontal sectional view showing thehdifforent parts of being a partial crosssecticn ofthe shoe shown l in Fig. 16. upper portion of said shoe. larged detail, being a cross-section of yone of the stiles of the sash, the shoe, anda portion Fig. 19 is an edge View of the of the window-frame. Fig. 2l is a similar` View of the modified form shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 22 is a similar view of-theform shownin Fig. 17. lFig. 23 is a partialvertical section illustrating the constructionshown in Fig. 20,

Fig-20 is an entheretaining strip or tube being in elevation; and Fig. 24 is a similar view ofthe construc- ,I

tion shown in Fig. 2l.

In reversible windoW-sashes -as heretofore constructed it is customary when the sash is a sliding one to mount the stiles between shoes arranged to fit in the usual slides in the -Window-frame, the sash being ymounted o n pivots or trunnions between the shoes, so that it may freely swing about a horizontalaxis and may also be moved vertically iu the slides.

,The sash is held normally in its vertical position by spring-pressed strips between the stiles and the shoes, which serve to hold the .stiles and shoes normally in alinement, but

may readily be pressedback` to permit the swinging of the sash. i When the sash is not a sliding one, instead of employing the shoes the sash is pivoted in the window-frame itself. In my improved sash the same general style of construction is employed, modied,.how`" ever, in many material res ects, 'as will, be

.hereinafter pointedout.

' Referring to the drawings, in which I have illustrated my improvements as applied/to a sliding sash, 25 indicates the window-frame, and 26 27, respectively, the inner and outer slides or ways for the` lowerand upper sashes,

respectively: l

28 indicates the stile, which is provided with bent'iuward, preferably at right angles, and

IOO.

(lne end shown', but they may 3o a generic sense 55 sition, as shown then doubled back on themselves, as shown at in Fig.. 15, forming grooves 31.

32 indicntesa box, which is mounted in the stile 28, forming a part thereof. Said box is 5 also somewhatU-shaped and has its edges bent inward toward each other, as shown in Fig. 15. The edges 33 are adapted to lit into the grooves 3l, so that the box 32 may slide into the sfle 28 by an endwi'se movezo nient and when iltted therein is securely hel by the bent-over edges 30, as best shown in Figs. 3 and 20. Each box 32 carries a pivot or trunnion 3.4, which projects therefrom,-

zo holding the pivot more securely. 'The box 32 tube or strip 3G, as tube 1 also carries the retaining shown in Fig. 5. I employ the term to designate the strips 36,1)ecanse said strips made tubular in form and are so be solid and also noncircular in cross-section, if desired, provided they are so shaped as to perform their proper functions. It should he understood, therefore, that the term tube isherein used in to indicate the strips 36, whether they be made tubular or of some equivalent construction. Said tube 36 is of about the same length as the stile 28, as shown in Fig. l, and is soniewhat greater in are best diameter or in its greatest width than the distance between the inturned edges 30 of the stiles 28. 4This is best shown in Fig. 20, where the parte are shown drawn practically to scale.

out of the stile by the action of the springs, which bear against it, as hereinafter .described. In other words` the edges 30 act as' stops to limit the outward movement of the tube. Y The tube 36 is held in place by the pivot 34,v

which passes through it, as shown in Figs. l5 and 20, and also by guide-pins 37 38, (best shown in Fig. 23,) said guide-pins being ar- 5o ranged near the upper and lower ends, re-

spectively, of the tube 36. The gnide-pins 37 38 are secured in the box 32, similarly to the pivot 34, reinforcing-blocks 39 being provided for securing said pins properly in po in Fig. 4. lf desired, the pivot 34 and pins 37 38 may he made integral with the reinforcing-blocks, as shown at 35a and 39 in Fig. 23. 34 and pins 37 38 are springs 40, which bear 6o against the box and the tube 3G and act to hold them yieldingly apart. As shown in Figs. l2 and 23, at the points where it receives the thrust of the springs 40 the tube is provided with a flattened portion 4l to forni proper bearings for the ends of the springs, so that any tendency to rock on the part of the tube may be overcome. The arrangement and proas shown in Fig. 20.

'is iitted to the stile 28.

By this means the edges 30 of the 4o stile prevent the tube 36 from being forced Mounted upon the pivot' ensues portions of the parts are snc-l1 that the springs 40` serve normally to hold the tube 36 yieldingly in contact with the doubled-over edges 30 of the stile, as shown in Fig. 20, that portion of the .tube 36 between said edges projecting through ing-surface, which is adapted to engage the shoe or other surface,as hereinafter described.

Referring again to Fig. 15, 42 .indicates the shoe, which is also, generally speaking, U- shaped, its euds43 being doubled baclgforming grooves 44, which extend parallel with the sides of the shoe. The length and width of the shoe 42 are substantially equal to the length and width of the stile, and-the shoe is provided with a concavity or groove 45,'which is adapted to receive and fit the projecting portion of the retaining-tube 36, as best shown in Fig. 20. The sides of the shoe 42 and their doubled-over ende 43 it in the slides of the window-frame,form n'g bearings for the sash,

' 4G indicates a plate having flanges 47 projecting at right angles thereto, forming substantially a channel-bar. Said plate 46 is adapted to fit in the shoe, its flanges 47 being adapted to it in the grooves 44, as shown in Fig. 20. Said plate 46 serves not only to reinforce the shoe 42, but also as a .means of securing the counterbalanceweights `to the sash. vided near its upper end with a bracket 48, having an eye 49,to which the sash-cords may be secured, as shown in Fig. l0.' From the foregoing it will be seen that the plate 46 is fitted to the shoe 42 by sliding it yendwise into said shoe in the same manner as the box 32 The shoe is secured to the stile bythe pivot 34, which, as best shown in Fig. 20, passes through the shoe and through a reinforcing-plate 50, secured to the plate 46 at the longitudinal center thereof. A nut 5l, screwed upon the end of the pivot .34, serves to hold the parts together.

Fig. 20 illustrates the arrangement of the parte of the sash thus far described when assembled and in Iposition in. the windowfraine.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that when the shoe and stile are in alinement the projecting portion of the tube 36 then liesin the concavity in the shoe, the parts are held in such position by the action of the springs 40. ,The tubes 36 also form tight joints by their engagement with the shoe or other surface to exclude the weather.'

4and may. then be swung as yillustrated. in

2the tube 36 moving dotted lines in Fig. back' into the stile under the pressure ap; pliedto the rail, compressing the springs 40. The tube 3G under the action ofthe s rings 40 automatically locks the stile and shoe in position as soon as they are returned to alinement.

them forming a .convex bearf To this end it is pro- IOO IIO

and l shown in Fig. 11, saidlip'being bent at rightv l* sash, which is adapted to it closely againstshape to the upper rail 54, butit need not be 'in position the plate 46 is fitted-to the'shoe .flanges being spaced apartto form a slot to 4the pane is lixedly secured in position. .'The ends of the top` rail'54 are secured to the stiles by rivetsor other suitable means.

`th`e cover-plate is put in position, it is secured di-Eers therefrom in having a removable cover- 'alinement therewithby the tuhes,36. The

The cnstruction ofthe rails of the sash vis shown in Figs..2, 5, 6; and 7. As shown` in Fig. 2,.the bottomrail 52 of the lower sash is constructed of a single piece of metal bent to' the proper shapeand having its edgesinter locked, as shown.v At its ends the lower rail 52 is provided With projecting lips 53, which extend over the vlower ends of the stiles, as `best shown in Fig. 7. The lowery rail 52 i's secured to the stiles at its ends by rivets, as indicated in Fig. 7, or by other suitable means. The upper rail 53 of the lower sash is best shown in Figs. 2 and 5. Said rail is provided with a removable cover-plate 55, -the edges of which are bent to formhooks 56,- adapted to engage other hooks 57, carried at the upper edges of the rail, as shown in Fig. 5, the arrangement being such that the coverplate 55 may be slid upon the rail by an endwise movement, and thereby looked thereto. The rail 54 is provided with inwardly-projecting flanges .58 59 at'its underside, said receive the Window-pane 60. By this construction when the cover-plate 55 is removed the window-pane may be inserted in the sash, after which by attaching the cover-plate 55 The ends of the cover-plate 55 project over 'the' stiles, terminating over .the edges 30 .of said stiles, as best shown in Fig. 1. When by a drop of solder or other suitable means. The lower ends of the shoes are inclosed by providingthem with a projecting lip 61, .as

angles, so that it projects-under the lower ends of the flanges 47 of the plates 46, and is then riveted or otherwise secured in place.

2 indicates the lower rail ofthe upper1 the upper rail of the lower sash, as shown in Fig. .2. The rail62 is preferably similar in provided with the removable cover-plate.4 The upper rail 63 of the upper sash is similar in general'outline to the lower rail 52,but

plate 64, which is similar to the `sever-plate 55. Said rail is best shown in Fig. 2.

In-assembling the parts and fitting the `sash 42 by sliding it endwise, so that its flanges 47 fit into thegrooves 44 in the'shoe. The parts of the stiles being assembled in theimanner already described, the stiles are then secured to the shoes by the pivots 34 and are held in l sash-cords 65,-which run over the usual pulleys in the frame, are then attached to the. brackets 48. It will be understood that the brackets 48-are,placed a somewhat-greater'. distance vfrom the upper ends of the' shoes than the pulleys 66 are from theupper ends of the slideways, so that the sash may rise to engage the window-frame. A p v -shown a dierent form vof catch forgthe same' purpose, consisting -of :1n-ear 71, formedin -thetop Qfthe windowQfra-me. Afieifthesash- 'cords areseonred to the shoes they are fitted,

into the slideways and the. top and f bottom rails of the sashgare secured `rto thegstiles. i

The sash is then ready to receive,` thel glass. To put the` glass in position, the sash is turned upon its vpivot to make the upper railrea'dily accessible'. The glass is then slid .endwise' into the sash until it rests in its proper position, when the .oever-plate 55 or 64, as the case may be, is put iti-position, therebylocking the' glass in place and closing up the sash.

By applying a small amount of solderv tothe cover-plate it is secured in position and pre,- vented from becomingaccidentally displaced.

',Inassembling the parts before the glass is putin place the stiles`, with their shoes a'ttached, are not suiciently heavy to counterbalance the sash-weights, and therefore in order to hold the stiles and shoes in place 4each shoe is provided with a catch adapted to engage a part of the frame when the shoe is near its lowermost'position and holdy it down against the action of the weight.

l9o In l Fig. 14.1 haveillustrated a spring-catch for this purpose, consistingof a hook 67, mounted on a pivot 68 in thev shoe, ther lower end of saidhook being' adapted to enter a recess 69 irthe window-frame' and .engage one edge thereof, as shown in Fig. .14.v lA spring 70 bears against the upper end of said hook and operates to move the' lower end or hookedportion-thereofout of the' recess 69. When roo the'shoe is. first fitted in the'slideway, the lower portion ofthe hook 67 is moved by hand intoengagement with the window-frame, the shoe then being a short distance above its lowermost position. After the glass has been put in position the shoe is released by moving it down to ,its lowermost position, when' its hookwill move out of engagement with the frame under the aotion'of the spring 70,` and inasmuch as said'spring acts to'hold the hook out of .operativeposition it cannot again the window-frame.' With this` construction In Fig. 13 I have y the ear 71 is bent out. by hand or bythe use of a suitable tool to engage the window-frame', Y ,v

`and afterward, when the, glass has been put 'inplace, it is bent-baok, thereby releasing I n Figs.v 16, 2l, and 24 I have shown a modi- In the construcl -being' provided with the inturned edges 30 and Athe slots l3l., as already described. 'Instead, however, of mounting the retainingtubeiin the stile it is mounted in the shoe, as

Will be hereinafter described, the stile car'ry-` ing in -lieu thereof a `plate 72, having in" wardly-projecting edges 73, adapted to enter thefslots 3.1, as best shown in Figs. l16'and 21.

The retaininggtube 36 is mounted in the shoe 74, which is similar in construction .to the box 32, havingl inwardly projecting ,edges or ilanges75, adapted to serve as stops to prevent the tube from moving out too far. The pivot 34 is carried in the shoeand is adapted to project through and be secured to the plate 72, thereby, uniting the stile and shoe. The

springs 40 are mounted in the shoe 74, as

the construction shown -in Fig. 16, it is provided with a longitudinal recess 79 near its upper end, in Whi'chis secured thesash-cord,

` as shown in Fig. 19. .The operation of this cally the same .thing as that just described,-

modified form of construction just described is practically the saine as the other, since the only substantial difference is that in one case the retaining-tube is carried by the stile and in the other it is carried by the shoe.

'n In Figs. 17 and-22 Ihave shown a still further modiiication, which is, however, practithe only difference being that the shoe is designed to move in a slideway4 narrower than the stile. Consequently .the shoe is made ot' less width than the stile, givingfihe design shown in Figs. 17 and 2,2.

By mounting the retaining tube or strip as above described and causing the operative portion thereof to project through a slot, as is the case inv my improvedconstruction, the use of adjusting devices to-'control the extent of projection of ther strip is avoided. Furthermore, variationin the extent ot projection ofdilerent parts of the strip is'pre-f vented, as the strip being uniform in diameter and the slot of uniform width throughout its length it is impossible that there should be any variation in the extent ot'- projection l of the strip. Y. Furthermore, by my invention I provide an improved sash, the partsof which may readilybe assembled and mounted in the window-framcbefore the. glass isput in position and the glass afterward ttedand locked in place quickly and wit-hout didiculty. Furthermore, the parts of the'sash and shoe being entirely ot metalare perfectly suitable for reproot construction. its already suggested, where the sash is not intended to slide, the strips 36 maybe arranged to engage the'window-frame:

` I have described my invention in detail as illustrated, but wish it to be understood that myinvention is not restricted to the specific details of construction or form or position of parts described, except in so far as they are particularly claimed.

ots connecting saidshoes and stiles, whereby the sash may swing to an -angular position Vwith reference to said shoes, a retaining device between one of said stiles and the shoe adjacent thereto, said retaining device consisting ot'- a tube carried lby one of said members, as the,stile,pand adapted to project lto engage the otber"iof said members, as the shoe, to hold said Vmembers in alinement, springs for holding said tube normally in op,- erative position, and meanslimiting theextent to which said tube may project, substan- 1 tially as described.

3. lThe combination with a sash, of Vshoes Vadapted to tit against the stilesV thereof, piv

ots connecting said stiles to said shoes, a retaining device carriedA in one of said;mem

bers, as'the stile, and adapted normally tol hold said menlbersin alinem'ent,a slot through which said retaining device is adapted to project to engage the other member, and springs for projecting said retaining device through `said slot, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a sash, of shoes -xo5 adaptedto t against thestiles thereof, pivots connecting said stiles to said shoes, a retaining device carried in one of said members, as the stile, and adapted normally to IOC hold said members in aline1nent,a slot through which said retaining device is adapted to project to engage the other member, said retaining device having a convex surface adapted to project'through said slot,vand springs for vprojecting said retainin g' device through said slot, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a sash,'of shoes adapted to it against the stiles thereof, pivots connecting said stiles to said shoes, a tubular retaining device carried in one of said members, as the stile, and adapted normally to hold said members in alinement, af slot through which said retaining device is adapted to projectto engage the other member, and springs for projecting said retaining device ythrough said slot, substantially-as described.

what greater tha'n the width of said slot,

means for yieldinglyholding said retaining device in said slot, and a shoe pivoted to said slot and having a recess adapted to receive ed thereto, a retaining device carried in one -ot' said members and adapted toy project through a suitable slot in said member, to engage the other member' and hold said members in alinement, vand means for yieldingly holding said retaining device in said slot, substantially as described. l

v9. The combination of a stile having inturned edges 3,0, formngslots 31, a box 32 'having inturned edges 33' adapted to fit into said slots 31, a tube 36 carried by said box32, said tube being adapted toproject between the inturned edges of the stile, springs for holding said tube 36 in operative position, a

shoe pivotally connected vto said stile, said shoe having a recess 45 adapted to receive the projecting portion of said tube 36 when the shoe and stile are in alinement, and means for attaching the shoe to the suspending device of the window-frame, substantially as described. 10.. The combination rof a stile having inturned edges 30 forming grooves 3l, abox 32 having inturned edges 33 adapted to `lit into said grooves 31, a tube 36 carried by said box 32, said tube being adapted to project between the inturned edges of the stile, springs'for holding said tube 36 in operative position, a shoe pivotallyconnected to said stile, said shoe having a recess 45 adapted to receive the .projecting portion of saidtube 36 when the shoe I'and stile are in alinement, 'a Vplate46 having anges 47, and grooves 44'in said shoe adapted to receive said Aflanges 47, substan- -tial1`y as described.

11. The combination of a shoe, `astilepivf otally secured thereto, means for Vnorirnally holding said shoe and stile in alineme'n't, and

a catch carried by said shoe and adapted to engage the window-frame, to prevent upward movement of said shoe While the parts are'`v being assembled, substantially as described.

12. The combination of a shoe, a stilepivotally secured thereto, means for -norn'latly holding said shoe and stile in .alinemena a hook carried by said shoe and adapted to en.

gage the window-frame to prevent upward movement'of said shoe while the parts are being assembled, and a spring for normally holding said hook ontof operative positiomsub stantially as described.-

1 3. A stile for window-sashes having a nar-v y row slot, a spring-pressed strip having a p01'- tion .adapted to project through said slot,`the extreme width of said strip being greater than that of said slot, and means for yieldingly holding said strip (in said slot, substantially 14. The' combination with a pivoted sash and partsto which. the sash is piveted, of a spring-pressed stripcarried in :onezof said members, asth'e stile, saidmember which carries thesaid strip being -provided with a recess to receive the same, which recess has a slot through which the strip is adapted to project to engage the other tially as described.

member, substan- 15. A stile for Window-sashes .having inl turned edges spaced apart to form a narrow passage or slot, in combination with a springpressed strip locatedfin said stile, the said strip being somewhat wider than the slot and adapted to project through the same, substantially as described.

16. T-he combination with a stile having inturned edges 30, forming slots 31, a box 32 having inturned edges 33, adapted to t vinto said' slots 31, and a spring-pressed strip' lov cated Within said box, said strip beingwidpr;

of the stile, substantially as deseribfbd.'A

l PAUL .BARNUM'J Witnesses: I

ALBERT H. ADAMS, J QHN L. JACKSON.

9`o than the slot and being adapted-.to proj'ct" through said slot between the integr-ned edges' 

